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Шоколад считается очень полезным для здоровья продуктом. Уже давно известно, что он может поднять настроение и улучшить работу головного мозга. Самым полезным видом шоколада является горький, потому что в нем не содержится сахар. А вот в молочном, самом вкусном шоколаде, сахара хоть отбавляй — его настолько много, что из-за его наличия шоколад становится вредным продуктом. Недавно группа ученых из Швейцарии придумала, как сделать шоколад сладким без добавления сахара. Если добавить разработанный ими ингредиент, продукт становится не только вкусным, но и полезным за счет высокого содержания клетчатки, которая улучшает пищеварение и контролирует уровень сахара в крови.

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Швейцарские ученые заново изобрели рецепт вкусного шоколада

Содержание

  • 1 Как изготавливают шоколад
  • 2 Вред и польза шоколада
  • 3 Рецепт шоколада без сахара
  • 4 Самый полезный и вредный шоколад

Как изготавливают шоколад

Любой настоящий шоколад изготавливается из какао-бобов — миндалевидных семян, которые содержатся в плодах шоколадного дерева (Theobroma cacao). Созревшие какао-бобы собираются вручную и помещаются в корзины для ферментации, в результате которой у них улучшаются вкусовые и ароматические свойства. После этого бобы сушатся на солнце, чтобы они не портились.

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Шоколадное дерево с созревшими плодами. Источник: RuNews24

Сухие какао-бобы очищаются от мусора, жарятся и дробятся — для изготовления шоколада, нужно отделить ядра от оболочки. Впоследствии, ядра какао-бобов измельчаются до состояния какао-массы, в результате чего получается гладкая и однородная масса. Именно в нее добавляются дополнительные ингредиенты вроде сахара, молока и так далее. Получившуюся вкусную массу дополнительно нагревают для гладкой текстуры и разливают по формочкам. После этого, шоколад упаковывают для транспортировки и продажи.

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Свежие, поджаренные и измельченные какао-бобы. Источник: The Belgian Chocolate Makers

ВАЖНО: вы могли заметить, что при изготовлении шоколада очень много внимания уделяется приданию ему нужной текстуры. Дело в том, что вкус шоколада зависит не только от состава, но и тактильных ощущений при его употреблении. В 2023 году это было доказано наукой.

Вред и польза шоколада

Согласно статистике, ежегодно каждый житель России съедает по 6-7 килограммов шоколада. С одной стороны, это хорошо, потому что шоколад обладает полезными свойствами. Например, он хорошо влияет на мозг, сердечно-сосудистую систему и даже способен снизить повышенное давление.

Ученые заново изобрели шоколад: он такой же вкусный, но не имеет сахара - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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В день без вреда для здоровья и фигуры можно есть 20-25 грамм шоколада

Но если учесть высокое содержание сахара в шоколаде, это не такой уж и полезный продукт. Если человек ест много молочного шоколада, а также конфеты и другие сладости, он быстро наберет лишний вес. Это, в свою очередь, может привести к проблемам с сердцем и сахарному диабету.

Поэтому, для получения пользы, рекомендуется есть горький или темный шоколад. В нем содержится меньше всего сахара и других добавок.

Рецепт шоколада без сахара

Недавно в научном журнале Nature Foods появилась статья о том, что ученым удалось заново изобрести рецепт шоколада. Исследователи из Швейцарии выяснили, что вместо сахара для придания шоколаду сладкого вкуса можно использовать части плодов какао, которые обычно выбрасываются.

Чуть выше было упомянуто, что ядра какао отделяются от оболочки. Оказывается в этой оболочке есть вещества, которые могут выделить сладкий вкус. Также в них содержится много клетчатки, которая хорошо влияет на пищеварение.

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В будущем производство шоколада может стать безотходным. Источник: Newsweek

Экспериментальным путем было доказано, что если смешать измельченную оболочку с соком из мякоти бобов, получается сладкий гель. Изменяя температуру и пропорции, ученые смогли найти идеальный баланс. Полученный таким образом шоколад был таким же сладким, как и продукт с содержанием сахара. При этом, он также содержал повышенное количество клетчатки.

По мнению авторов научной работы, благодаря новому открытию можно не только начать производство шоколада с максимальной пользой. Новый подход предполагает, что после обработки какао-бобов почти не будет оставаться мусора. К тому же, фермеры смогут получать дополнительный доход с продажи этих остатков. Сплошные плюсы!

Читайте также: 10 неожиданных продуктов, содержащих вещества из нефти

Самый полезный и вредный шоколад

К сожалению, полезный шоколад с новым составом еще не скоро появится в продаже. Дело в том, что перед этим нужно решить много производственных и юридических проблем.

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Белый шоколад полностью лишен пользы, которую дает какао

А какой шоколад больше всего любите вы? Пишите в наш Telegram-чат!

На сегодняшний день самым полезным видом шоколада считается темный или горький, с содержанием какао 70% или выше. А самым вредным считается белый шоколад, в котором нет какао-порошка. Вместо него в белый шоколад добавляется только какао-масло, сахар и молочные продукты, поэтому этот продукт не содержит антиоксидантов и других полезных веществ.

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