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По данным Международного союза орнитологов, на сегодняшний день науке известно о существовании более 10 тысяч видов птиц. Среди них много безобидных созданий, которые красиво выглядят и нуждаются в защите. Но также среди птиц существуют и настоящие монстры — например, во многих частях света, в том числе на Кавказе, обитает птица-бородач (Gypaetus barbatus). Они внушают страх налитыми кровью глазами и перьями, которые окрашены в кровавый цвет. А еще эти создания способны полностью проглатывать кости животных, чем не могут похвастаться даже более крупные и кровожадные хищники. Безо всяких преувеличений, бородачи являются самыми брутальными птицами в мире, и сейчас вы убедитесь в этом сами.

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Бородач — брутальная птица, которая обитает на Кавказе. Фотография: wikimedia.org

Содержание

  • 1 Где живут бородачи
  • 2 Как выглядит птица бородач
  • 3 Удивительные птицы-падальщики
  • 4 Необычные повадки птиц
  • 5 Самая крупная птица России

Где живут бородачи

Брутальные птицы-бородачи, также известные как ламмергейеры, обитают в суровых горных районах — от Южной Европы до Азии и Африки, предпочитая высоты от 400 до 4500 метров. В России эти грозные птицы встречаются только на территории Кавказа. В отличие от своих родственников грифов, бородачи почти никогда не спускаются на равнины и не залетают на север. Это крайне редкий и охраняемый вид, который внесен в Красную книгу России.

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Бородач во всей своей красе. Фотография: armmuseum.ru

Как выглядит птица бородач

Бородачи — настоящие великаны среди хищных птиц. Длина тела этих созданий может достигать 1 метра, а размах крыльев впечатляет еще больше — почти 3 метра. Огромные птицы весят около 5-7 килограммов.

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На фотографии прекрасно виден размах крыльев бородача. Фотография: baikalru.ru

Самцы и самки птиц-бородачей выглядят одинаково: на голове у них короткие перья, которые, в отличие от других падальщиков, полностью покрывают ее. На шее можно увидеть своеобразную «гриву» из острых перьев. А главное — под клювом у бородачей растет пучок черных перьев, напоминающий бороду, за что они и получили такое необычное название.

Самые брутальные птицы в мире: они красят перья в цвет крови и питаются костями - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Макияж у этих птиц не хуже, чем у суровых металлистов. Фотография: sitekid.ru

Удивительные птицы-падальщики

В отличие от других падальщиков вроде грифонов, бородачи не ныряют в тела своих жертв с головой, потому что им зачастую это и не нужно. Их покрытая перьями голова остается чистой, ведь они способны питаться костями, сухожилиями и даже копытами, что другим хищникам не под силу.

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Во время еды головы грифов покрываются кровью, потому что они полностью погружаются в тела жертв. Фотография: nationalgeographic.com

Рацион питания хищных птиц на 85-90% состоит из костей, что делает их уникальными среди всех ныне живущих птиц. Это единственный современный вид птиц, который питается костями умерших животных.

Бородачи больше всего любят млекопитающих, особенно копытных среднего размера. Мясо и кожа их интересуют куда меньше — это редкость в их меню. Но стоит отметить, что взрослые особи предпочитают именно кости, тогда как их птенцы питаются в основном мясом и кожей.

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Бородач заглатывает пищу целиком. Фотография: ebirds.ru

Особая «фишка» каждого бородача — умение раскалывать кости, которые слишком велики, чтобы проглотить их целиком. Для этого птицы поднимаются в воздух на высоту от 50 до 150 метров и сбрасывает кости на камни, чтобы разбить их на удобные куски и добраться до питательного костного мозга. Бородач может нести в воздухе кости диаметром до 10 см и весом до 4 килограммов — это почти как его собственный вес.

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Необычные повадки птиц

У брутальных бородачей имеется еще одна интересная особенность. Их перья на груди, голове и ногах часто окрашены в яркий красно-коричневый цвет. Больше всего поражает то, что это не естественный цвет — птицы окрашивают себя сами. Для этого они купаются в ржавой воде или натирают себя красной землей, насыщенной окисью железа. Это единственные известные птицы, которые наносят на себя «косметику». Но зачем? Ученые до сих пор точно не знают.

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Возможно, красный цвет указывает на силу и влиятельность птиц. Фотография: reddit.com

Есть предположение, что красный цвет помогает защитить гнездо от микробов — возможно, оксид железа убивает бактерии. Но другая версия выглядит куда более захватывающе: красные перья могут быть символом силы и устрашения. Когда два бородача претендуют на одну добычу, они распушают свои окрашенные перья и устраивают демонстрацию, словно пытаясь запугать соперника. Чем насыщеннее цвет, тем более устрашающим выглядит самец.

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Борьба двух бородачей. Фотография: stock.adobe.com

А для еще большего эффекта, глаза у бородачей наливаются кровью, делая их ярко-красными, как будто подчеркивая свою угрозу и опасность. Это, без сомнения, делает их одним из самых устрашающих хищников в мире.

Самая крупная птица России

Бородач, с его внушительным внешним видом и уникальными привычками, без сомнения, одна из самых впечатляющих птиц на планете. Его умение поедать кости, устрашающий ритуал окрашивания в кроваво-красный цвет и ярко налитые кровью глаза делают его настоящим символом дикости и мощи.

Самые брутальные птицы в мире: они красят перья в цвет крови и питаются костями - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Вы удивитесь, но бородач — не самая крупная птица России. Фотография: fishki.net

Если хотите посмотреть видео с птицей бородачем, прямо сейчас загляните в наш Telegram-канал!

Но если вы думали, что бородач — самый крупный и внушительный хищник в России, вас ждёт сюрприз. О самой крупной птице в нашей стране, черном грифе, который может весить до 12,5 килограммов, вы можете прочитать в нашей статье «Самая большая птица в России: если вы ее увидите, будете шокированы». Это впечатляющее создание определенно не оставит вас равнодушными.

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