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Миллионы лет назад на Земле жили динозавры, и за десятки лет исследований ученые узнали много интересных подробностей об этих созданиях. О том, как они выглядели, чем питались и так далее, исследователи знают благодаря ископаемым останкам костей, зубов, а также отпечаткам кожи и лап. На сегодняшний день известно, что среди динозавров были как создания с кожей, так и пернатые виды. Также динозавры могли быть хищными и травоядными, некоторые виды были хорошо приспособлены к охоте, а другие — к защите от врагов. Способность быстро бегать многократно увеличивала вероятность спастись даже от самого кровожадного хищника, поэтому многие динозавры имели очень развитые задние конечности. Какой же динозавр бегал быстрее всех остальных?

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Ученым известны сотни видов динозавров, и некоторые из них очень быстро бегали

Содержание

  • 1 Как ученые изучают динозавров
  • 2 Самые быстрые динозавры в мире
  • 3 Как быстро бегали велоцирапторы
  • 4 Маленькие и быстрые динозавры

Как ученые изучают динозавров

Определить скорость бега динозавров очень сложно, потому что для этого нужно учитывать множество разных данных. В первую очередь палеонтологи изучают следы древних существ — по ним можно определить, насколько сильными были шаги определенных видов и как часто они делались. Также ученые смотрят на то, какое было строение ног динозавров: чем длиннее были конечности и больше мускулы, тем быстрее они могли бегать.

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Окаменелый след динозавра. Источник фотографии: lenta.ru

В расставании скорости динозавров по их окаменевшим следам есть большая сложность. Обычно ученые находят отпечатки ног древних существ в местах, где миллионы лет назад находились реки и озера — там следы глубже, поэтому сохраняются на миллионы лет. Только вот в такой среде ни одно сухопутное создание не может бегать во всю силу. Поэтому для определения точной скорости бега древних ящеров ученым следовало бы изучать отпечатки ног на сухой поверхности. Но такие находки совершаются очень редко.

Знания ученых о том, как бегали динозавры, не точные. Но на примете исследователей все же есть претенденты на звание самого быстрого динозавра в мире.

Читайте также: Почему самая длинная тропа динозавров продана за более 100 тысяч долларов

Самые быстрые динозавры в мире

Когда речь заходит о динозаврах-бегунах, обычно упоминаются представители отряда орнитомимозавров (Ornithomimosauria), которые также известны как страусоподобные динозавры. Как можно понять из названия, эти всеядные создания строением своего тела напоминали страусов.

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Орнитомимозавры были похожи на страусов. Источник изображения: nationalgeographic.com

Современные страусы являются одними из самых быстрых животных на Земле. Эти нелетающие птицы, рост которых может достигать 2,8 метров, способны разгоняться до 70 километров в час. В большей степени их умение сильно разгоняться при беге связана с тем, что у них очень длинные и мускулистые ноги. Длина шага страусов может составлять 3-5 метров, поэтому они и могут преодолевать большие расстояния за короткий промежуток времени.

Также страусы быстро бегают благодаря тому, что у них легкое и обтекаемое тело, которое создает минимум воздушного сопротивления. Еще у страусов очень высокая выносливость, которая помогает выдерживать длительные забеги. Способность к скоростному бегу нужна им для того, чтобы выживать в диких условиях.

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Бегая, страусы спасают свои жизни в диких условиях. Источник фотографии: arhe.msk.ru

Судя по археологическим находкам, динозавры из группы орнитомимозавов были очень похожи на страусов как минимум строением ног. Исходя из этого ученые считают, что они могли разгоняться до 48 километров в час. Скорее всего, это умение спасало их жизни при нападении хищников.

Вам будет интересно: Самые удивительные динозавры, которые жили на территории России миллионы лет назад

Как быстро бегали велоцирапторы

Также титул самых быстрых динозавров в мире может быть у велоцирапторов (Velociraptor). Эти небольшие динозавры длиной около 1,5 метров, а длина их ног была такой, что они явно могли разгоняться до 40 километров в час. С латинского языка видовое название этих динозавров является смесью слов «быстрый» и «охотник».

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Велоцирапторы были маленькими, но опасными существами. Источник изображения: mirvu.ru

Удивительное открытие: Огромные динозавры появились на Земле после того, как дождь не прекращался 2 миллиона лет

Маленькие и быстрые динозавры

Еще способностью быстро бегать обладали динозавры из рода компсогнатов (Compsognathus). Их окаменелые останки были найдены учеными на территориях Германии и Баварии. Судя по скелетам, длина их тела достигала всего лишь 140 сантиметров. Они были хищниками и нападали на жертв стаями — с какой точно скоростью они бегали неизвестно, но ученые опять же склоняются к цифре около 40 километров в час.

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Несмотря на крошечные размеры, компсогнаты тоже были очень быстрыми. Источник изображения: dinoanimals.com

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Получается, что при необходимости, некоторые виды динозавров запросто могли догнать человека и съесть его. Шансы спастись от кровожадных хищников могли бы быть только у рекордсменов вроде Усэйна Болта, который однажды разогнался до 44,72 километров в час.

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