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Изготовленное в космосе пиво вкуснее и ароматнее, чем произведенное на Земле. Ученые доказали это в ходе эксперимента, в котором хмельной напиток созревал в условиях невесомости. Они отличили плохое пиво от хорошего по отсутствию бананового привкуса — многие любители пива плюются, если им попадается напиток с таким необычным свойством. Космическое пиво лишено специфических ноток во вкусе, так что в будущем явно будет стоить дороже. Но это не значит, что спустя несколько десятков лет на Луне или Марсе появится элитная пивоварня. Ученые считают, что результаты эксперимента могут помочь им разработать технологию для изготовления многих других продуктов в космосе. Они узнали много чего интересного, поэтому подробности мы расскажем ниже.
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Почему космическое пиво вкуснее обычного? Сейчас все узнаете!
Новая технология изготовления пива
По данным Popular Science, в рамках научного эксперимента ученые решили выяснить, как может поменяться вкус пива в случае изготовления при наличии гравитации и в условиях невесомости. На Международной космической станции проводится много научных опытов, но отправка оборудования стоит дорого. Поэтому авторы научной работы решили провести эксперимент на Земле.
Исследователи собрали ячмень и превратили его в сусло. Так называется сахаристая жидкость из зерна, которая используется в производстве как пива, так и виски и других алкогольных напитков.
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Пивное сусло. Источник фотографии: pivo.by
Сусло было разделено на шесть образцов, в каждый из которых были добавлены дрожжи Saccharomyces pastrorianus для брожения. Три пробирки бродили в обычных условиях, при наличии гравитации. Остальные три образца были помещены в клиностат — инструмент, который создает условия невесомости путем вращения содержимого вокруг горизонтальной оси. Затем ученые регулярно проверяли, как идет процесс брожения в разных условиях.
Уже через три дня авторы исследования поняли, что условия невесомости не влияют на брожение негативно, что уже стало важным открытием. Потом стало ясно, что в условиях без гравитации брожение (ферментация) протекает быстрее. В конечном итоге ученые поняли, что дрожжи в условиях невесомости позволяют получить более качественный продукт, чем в условиях гравитации.
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Клиностат имитирует невесомости во время эксперимента. Источник фотографии: popsci.com
Ученые отметили, что из бродившей внутри клиностата основы получилось пиво с меньшим содержанием эфиров изоамилацетата и 2-фенэтилацетата. Если их много, напиток приобретает банановый привкус, что считается признаком плохого пива. При ферментации в условиях невесомости концентрация сложных эфиров многократно снизилось по сравнению со стандартными образцами и оно стало вкуснее и ароматнее.
Читайте также: Какое пиво разрушает организм и вызывает ожирение, а какое — самое безвредное?
Новый сорт пива уже на подходе?
В космических условиях можно создать наиболее качественное пиво, это мы уже поняли. Но в ближайшее время на Луне и Марсе пивоварня создана не будет, потому что они там попросту не нужны. А вот земные пивоварни могут взять себе на заметку то, что брожение можно проводить в устройствах, которые имитируют отсутствие гравитации.
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Ждем, когда появится самое вкусное крафтовое пиво? Изображение: new-retail.ru
Не исключено, что изготовленное по новой технологии пиво будет стоить дороже. И продаваться оно будет с пометкой «космическое» — должно быть, это хороший маркетинговый ход. Но это всего лишь наше предположение, авторы научной работы ни о чем таком не говорили.
Историческая справка: Когда и зачем люди начали пить пиво?
Выращивание растений на Марсе
На самом деле, ферментация важна при приготовлении многих продуктов питания. Например, на этот процесс полагаются производители хлеба, йогурта, маринованных огурцов и так далее. То, что в невесомости процесс идет в разы быстрее, это очень хорошая новость — у астронавтов появится возможность готовить еду самостоятельно. Это особенно важно, если учесть, что в будущем человечество (или хотя бы его часть) надеется переехать на Марс.
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На Марсе можно выращивать некоторые виды растений, это доказано уже много раз. Изображение: universemagazine.com
В ходе других исследований было доказано, что марсианский грунт можно использовать для выращивания салата, редиса и репы. Эти растения хороши тем, что не требуют особого ухода, экономны к воде и достаточно питательны. А еще на Марсе хорошо растет люцерна, которая богата белками и различными микроэлементами. Биомассу из этого растения вполне можно использовать в качестве удобрения для других растений.
Подпишитесь на наш Дзен-канал, в котором открыты комментарии. Смело делитесь своим мнением по поводу всего!
В 2024 году ученые также выяснили, что на Красной планете может прижиться мох. Подробнее об этом читайте в нашем материале «Какие растения смогут выжить на Марсе?».
