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Бывало ли у вас такое, что вы испытывали чувство стыда за действия других людей? Например, такое могло произойти, когда хорошо знакомый вам человек глупо шутил в компании. Или же вам могло стать неловко, когда незнакомец падал на ровном месте и случайно сбивал прохожих с огромным количеством сумок. Вы наверняка вспомнили много таких примеров из своей жизни. Чувство неловкости за действия других людей называется «испанским стыдом», а также у него есть другое популярное название — «кринж». Психологи прекрасно знают об этом явлении, и способны рассказать много интересного о его причинах. Например, известно ли вам, что если вы часто испытываете испанский стыд, то вы — очень эмпатичный человек?

Что такое «испанский стыд» и почему мы его испытываем - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Испанскому стыду и «кринжу» есть научные объяснения

Что такое «кринж»

Откуда именно произошел термин «испанский стыд», ученым точно неизвестно. Самая популярная и логичная версия гласит, что оно произошло от испанского выражения vergüenza ajena, что дословно можно перевести как «позор за других».

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Считается, что слово для обозначения стыда за другого человека, было придумано в Испании

В других языках мира существуют аналогичные выражения. Например, в немецком языке есть слово fremdschämen, который переводится как «стыд за чужака». Финны описывают неловкое чувство от глупых действий других людей словом myötähäpeä.

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Испытывая испанский стыд, люди обычно хотят прикрыть лицо рукой

В русский язык выражение «испанский стыд» из английского spanish shame. Сегодня оно постепенно теряет популярность, потому что чаще всего в Интернете и жизни люди используют слово cringe — на русский оно переводится как «съеживаться». И действительно, когда человек испытывает «кринж», ему буквально хочется съежиться от неловкости.

Читайте также: Психопатов можно распознать по длине их пальцев — правда или нет?

Причина испанского стыда

По мнению психологов, ощущение неловкости за другого человека связано с эмпатией — нашей способностью переживать чувства окружающих. Когда другой человек совершает какое-то глупое действие, мы неосознанно сопереживаем ему, ставим себя на его место. Иногда человек совершает глупость, которую ранее мы совершали сами, и это порождает неприятные воспоминания, и ранее испытанная неловкость всплывает снова.

Исходя из этого можно сделать вывод, что если человек часто испытывает неловкость за других, то у него хорошо развита эмпатия. Считается, что умение сопереживать помогает устанавливать с людьми более доверительные отношения и избегать серьезных конфликтов.

Что такое «испанский стыд» и почему мы его испытываем - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Эмпатия считается очень хорошей чертой человека

Еще одной причиной возникновения чувства испанского стыда или кринжа считается психологическая проекция. Так называется механизм психологической защиты, при котором человек защищает себя от неприятных эмоций, отрицая наличие у себя каких-то плохих черт и подчеркивая их у других. Например, если человек испытывает очень сильное смущение, когда другое лицо попадается на лжи, это значит, что он тоже часто говорит неправду и боится разоблачения.

Вам будет интересно: Подборка фактов о мозге человека, которые вас точно удивят

Стыд за другого человека

Ученые считают, что испытывать испанский стыд — это совершенно нормально. Такая реакция могла возникнуть в глубокой древности у наших далеких предков, и передаться нам. Как известно, в древние времена из-за плохого поступка человека могли изгнать из племени, что зачастую приравнивалось к смерти — в одиночку люди редко могли выжить в опасных условиях. Когда современный человек делает что-то глупое, из-за чего его высмеивают, у нас пробуждается древний страх, что кто-то из нас скоро будет отвергнут.

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Возможно, испанский стыд также связан с нашими первобытными страхами

Испанский стыд часто рассматривается как полная противоположность злорадству. Как и говорилось выше, люди с развитой эмпатией испытывают это чувство чаще, чем остальные. Некоторые люди, вместо стыда за другого человека испытывают чувство удовлетворения от его унижения и несчастья. Многие люди не заходят соглашаться с наличием у себя такой черты, но такова суровая реальность.

Что такое «испанский стыд» и почему мы его испытываем - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Испанский стыд можно считать противоположностью злорадству

Когда человек испытывает стыд, это вызывает у него физической дискомфорт. Даже если он не сделал ничего глупого, но увидел как это сделал другой человек, у него может возникнуть заметное покраснение лица. Также у людей часто наблюдается повышенное потоотделение, учащение сердцебиения и даже тошнота. И, самое частое действие при стыде за чужого — это отведение взгляда и желание уйти от этого подальше.

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