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20.11.2023
11 4 minutes read

Кофеин — один из самых популярных напитков в мире. В основном его любят за насыщенный вкус, а вдобавок к этому он является мощным стимулятором, который дает заряд энергии на 4-6 часов. Но некоторые люди стараются сократить количество выпиваемых чашек кофе, потому что злоупотребление этим напитком может привести к проблемам со здоровьем. Чтобы не отказывать себе в удовольствии ощутить аромат и вкус кофе, но при этом не подвергать себя воздействию кофеина, некоторые люди покупают декаф. Так называется кофе, который обладает всеми любимым ароматом и вкусом, но не оказывает бодрящий эффект. Он стоит дороже обычного кофе, но цена более чем оправдана, потому что производство кофе без кофеина это очень сложный процесс.

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В магазинах продается кофе без кофеина — он такой же вкусный, но не бодрит

Содержание

  • 1 Кофе и здоровье человека
  • 2 Что такое декаф
  • 3 Как производится кофе без кофеина
    • 3.1 Удаление кофеина при помощи растворителей
    • 3.2 Безопасный способ производства декафа
  • 4 Сколько кофеина в декафе
  • 5 Какой вкус у кофе без кофеина

Кофе и здоровье человека

Отношение ученых к кофеину крайне неоднозначное. С одной стороны, он способен придать человеку энергии, а его вкус — заметно улучшить настроение. Исследователи регулярно открывают все более новые полезные свойства этого напитка. Например, в начале 2023 года было выяснено, что кофеин помогает похудеть и уменьшить риск развития сахарного диабета.

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Некоторые люди пьют кофе не только для бодрости, но и в надежде сбросить лишний вес

С другой стороны, кофеин может нанести здоровью человека вред. Например, при злоупотреблении кофе, у человека может развиться бессонница, а также наблюдаться нервозность и учащенное сердцебиение. Многие люди пьют кофе по утрам чтобы взбодриться, но результаты исследований показывают, что от этой привычки лучше отказаться — кофеин повышает уровень гормона стресса кортизола, что приводит к тревоги и беспокойству.

Читайте также: ТОП 5 популярных мифов о кофе

Что такое декаф

Кофе без кофеина, который также известен как декофеинизированный кофе и декаф — это обычный кофе, который путем специальной обработки очищен от кофеина. Он имеет такой же аромат и вкус, как у обычного напитка.

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Декаф обрел популярность в 20 веке, и сегодня он доступен во многих магазинах

Считается, что декаф появился случайно, между 19 и 20 веком. Когда судно немецкого продавца кофе Людвига Розелиуса попало в шторм, его товар был сильно вымочен в морской воде. Можно было бы подумать, что продукт полностью испорчен, однако предприниматель решил промыть зерна и обжарить, как обычно. К его удивлению, получился привычный напиток, но не дающий бодрящего эффекта. Чтобы продать новый продукт, бизнесмен придумал легенду о том, что его отец умер от болезни, вызванной передозировкой кофеином. Разумеется, покупатели такого продукта нашлись, и он начал пользоваться популярностью среди некоторых людей.

Из чего делают кофе без кофеина и почему он дорого стоит - Hi-News.ru">/**/ article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Изобретатель кофе без кофеина Людвиг Розелиус

Неожиданное открытие: Ученые заявляют, что 25 чашек кофе в день не навредят вашему сердцу

Как производится кофе без кофеина

О способах удаления кофеина из кофе недавно рассказали авторы издания IFL Science.

Удаление кофеина при помощи растворителей

Чаще всего декаф производится при помощи растворителей, потому что это самая дешевая технология. Ее можно разделить на типа: прямой и косвенный.

Прямой метод очистки кофейных зерен от кофеина заключается в том, что кофейные зерна пропариваются, затем пропитываются химическим растворителем, который и вымывает кофеин, связываясь с его молекулами. После этого зерна снова подвергаются обработке паром для удаления остатков.

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Чаще всего из кофе вымывают кофеин при помощи растворителей

При косвенном методе кофейные зерна не вступают в прямой контакт с химическими растворителями. Кофейные зерна замачивают в горячей воде, затем воду выливают и обрабатывают химическим растворителем. Кофеин связывается с растворителем в воде и испаряется. Вода, не содержащая кофеина, затем возвращается в зерна, чтобы повторно впитать вкус и аромат кофе.

Это самый распространенный способ производства кофе без кофеина. Но насчет его безопасности у ученых есть большие сомнения, в основном потому, что растворитель метиленхлорид в больших дозах считается веществом, вызывающим рак. Однако, он разрешен для использования при производстве декафа, и этот процесс тщательно контролируется.

Безопасный способ производства декафа

Более безопасный, но дорогой метод производства кофе без кофеина, подразумевает отказ от растворителей — вместо них используется жидкий диоксид углерода или вода.

Жидкий диоксид углерода представляет собой жидкую форму углекислого газа, который мы выдыхаем и который есть в воздухе. Когда углекислый газ охлаждается и сжимается, он становится жидким. В процессе удаления кофеина из кофейных зерен, эту жидкую углекислоту пропускают через зерна, она связывается с кофеином и затем удаляется, оставляя кофе без кофеина.

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При производстве декафа используются настоящие кофейные зерна

Метод с использованием воды заключается в том, что зеленые кофейные зерна пропитываются в горячей воде, создавая экстракт, который богат кофеином и ароматическими соединениями. Этот экстракт зеленого кофе проходит через активированные угольные фильтры, которые задерживают молекулы кофеина, позволяя при этом ароматам пройти через них.

В целом, процесс производства декафе похож на очистку воды от примесей.

Сколько кофеина в декафе

Важно отметить, что ни один из перечисленных способов не может очистить кофе от кофеина на 100%. Но концентрация бодрящего вещества предельно мала, и человеку нужно выпить несколько десятков чашек, чтобы почувствовать хотя бы какой-то эффект.

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Внешне декаф невозможно отличить от обычного кофе с кофеином

Какой вкус у кофе без кофеина

Большинство людей не видят особой разницы между обычным кофе и напитком без кофеина. Однако, внимательные мужчины и женщины могут заметить, что декаф часто лишен горечи, которую придает кофеин. Также вкус кофе без кофеина может быть менее насыщенным из-за того, что во время обработки некоторые из придающих напитку вкус веществ могут вымываться вместе с кофеином.

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Если вам не нравится горечь кофе, декаф — ваш выбор

Исходя из всего написанного выше получается, что кофе без кофеина — это отличный выбор для тех, кто любит аромат и вкус напитка, но не нуждаются в его бодрящем эффекте. Тем более, что все приписываемые обычному кофе полезные свойства, по результатам исследований, есть и у декафа. Стоимость декафа выше, чем у обычного кофе, потому что производить его труднее. Это единственное, что отталкивает многих людей от покупки. Благодаря существованию этой разновидности напитка, выбор кофе становится более интересным процессом.

Обязательно подпишитесь на наши каналы в Дзен и Telegram. Там вы сможете оставлять комментарии под статьями!

Напоследок стоит отметить, что на нашем сайте есть статья о самом вредном способе приготовления кофе. Настоятельно рекомендуем к прочтению!

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20.11.2023
11 4 minutes read
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