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Прямо сейчас, в темных глубинах океанов, плавают гигантские кальмары — они ведут настолько скрытный образ жизни, что вживую их никто не видел. Впервые эти создания упоминаются в работах древнегреческого философа Аристотеля, а потом они легли в основу скандинавских легенд о морском чудовище Кракене. Вживую этих созданий почти никто не видел, потому что погрузиться в места их обитания очень тяжело — для этого необходима капсула, которая выдерживает большое давление под водой. Так что на сегодняшний день ученые исследуют этих гигантских созданий по выброшенным на берега телам, что случается редко. Было бы прекрасно, если кому-то удалось поймать хотя бы одну особь и поместить в океанариум. Но сделать это невозможно и вряд ли они вообще когда-нибудь станут жить в неволе. Этому есть сразу несколько причин.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Гигантские кальмары названы так неспроста — на изображении показано сравнение с взрослым человеком

Содержание

  • 1 Как выглядят гигантские кальмары
  • 2 Почему гигантских кальмаров никто не видел вживую
    • 2.1 Самый большой аквариум в мире для них слишком мал
    • 2.2 Образ жизни гигантских кальмаров плохо изучен
    • 2.3 Гигантские кальмары не выживают на поверхности

Как выглядят гигантские кальмары

Все самое интересное о реально существующих чудовищах мы ранее рассказали в статье «Самые большие кальмары в мире достигают 14-метровой длины». Кальмары огромных величин относятся к роду Architeuthis и обитают в глубинах всех океанов Земли. Считается, что они предпочитают глубину около 1000 метров, куда почти не проникает солнечный свет.

При длине до 14 метров, гигантские кальмары могут весить около 275 килограммов. В некоторых источниках размеры их тела сравниваются с автобусами, а величина глаз — с обеденными тарелками.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Если сравнивать гигантских кальмаров с автобусами, получается что внутри них могут поместиться десятки человек

Об образе жизни этих созданий ученым известно очень мало — как и говорилось, для погружения на огромную глубину не существует соответствующей техники. С помощью глубоководных роботов со встроенной камерой исследователям удалось выяснить, что гигантские кальмары достигают половой зрелости в 3 года и откладывают небольшие яйца общей массой около 5 килограммов.

Источником питания гигантских кальмаров являются светящиеся в темноте рыбы. Для их ловли, чудовища используют свои длинные щупальца. Естественных врагов кроме кашалотов у гигантских кальмаров нет — связываться с этими монстрами никто не рискует.

Читайте также: Почему рвота кашалота стоит миллион долларов и для чего она нужна?

Почему гигантских кальмаров никто не видел вживую

Размеры и образ жизни гигантских кальмаров впечатляют, поэтому некоторым людям наверняка очень хотелось бы посмотреть на них вживую. Но для многих эта мечта так и останется несбыточной, потому что содержать этих существ в неволе невозможно. О причинах этого недавно рассказали авторы научного издания IFL Science.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Ученые изучают тело мертвого гигантского кальмара

Самый большой аквариум в мире для них слишком мал

В первую очередь, гигантских кальмаров невозможно содержать в неволе из-за их величины. По данным Книги рекордов Гиннесса, самый большой аквариум в мире называется Chimelong Spaceship и располагается в Китае. Объем этого аквариума составляет более 56 миллионов литров. Его длина равна 125 метрам, а ширина 32 метрам. В такую емкость может поместиться только один гигантский кальмар, и ему там будет тесно. В итоге у него может начать наблюдаться зоохоз — явление, при котором содержащееся в неволе животное испытывает большой стресс и совершает повторяющиеся движения.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Самый большой бассейн в мире Chimelong Spaceship был открыт в сентябре 2023 года

Образ жизни гигантских кальмаров плохо изучен

Даже если в мире будет построен аквариум длиной в несколько сотен метров, люди все равно не смогут держать в них гигантских кальмаров по второй причине. Дело в том, что ученые не знают точно, как часто они питаются, воду какой температуры любят и так далее. Воссоздать идеальные условия окружающей среды для кальмаров будет очень сложно, особенно если учесть, что они живут в глубинах с очень большим давлением.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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Воссоздать пригодные для жизни гигантских кальмаров окружающие условия предельно сложно

Гигантские кальмары не выживают на поверхности

Третья причина невозможности содержания гигантских кальмаров в океанариумах заключается в том, что их попросту невозможно выловить. Для этого потребуется техника, которая может опустить манипулятор на глубину 1000 метров, каким-то образом поймать скользкое и сильное существо массой 275 килограммов, а потом поднять его на поверхность. После этого гигантского кальмара придется перевезти в аквариум, и очень высока вероятность того, что он умрет по пути.

Ни в одном океанариуме нет гигантских кальмаров — вот три главные причины - Hi-News.ru">/**/    article{display:block}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}html,body{font:400 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}html,body,div,span,iframe,h1,p,a,img,ins,strong,b,form,article,time{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-size:14px;line-height:1;min-width:1124px}ol,ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}b,strong{font-weight:700}img{overflow:hidden;height:auto;max-width:100%;font:400 10px -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}p{color:#000;margin-bottom:15px;font:400 20px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif}h1{color:#000;margin:0 0 28px 0;font:700 54px/1 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На поверхности гигантские кальмары умирают из-за неподходящих окружающих условий

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Кальмаров длиной 14 метров иногда находят на берегу уже мертвыми. Бывает и такое, что они выбираются на поверхность, но в таких случаях обычно речь идет об особях длиной до 4 метров. Именно такое существо в 2023 году люди смогли снять на видео на побережье Японского моря. Посмотреть снятый ролик вы можете в статье «В Японии нашли гигантского кальмара. Эти создания легли в основу легенд о Кракене».

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